MemorialCare Cancer Institute at:
Uterine Cancer
Uterine cancer forms in the uterus (the womb) in the female reproductive system, and usually occurs after menopause. Uterine cancer is the fourth most common type of cancer for women after breast, lung and colon cancers. There are different types of uterine cancer. The most common is endometrial cancer.
Symptoms
Uterine cancer symptoms may include:- Unusual vaginal bleeding or discharge.
- Bleeding or spotting after menopause.
- Trouble urinating.
- Pelvic pain.
- Pain during intercourse.
Causes & Prevention
The causes of uterine cancer are unknown. Estrogen levels may play a role in uterine cancer. Taking birth control pills may lower the risk for uterine cancer, even 10 years after treatment ceases.
Risk Factors
Women are at greater risk for uterine cancer if you:- Have started menopause.
- Had many years of menstruation.
- Have never been pregnant.
- Had irregular ovulation.
- Are overweight.
- Have diabetes.
- Have taken estrogen-only replacement therapy.
- Have breast or ovarian cancer.
- Have a family history of ovarian cancer.
- Are Caucasian or African American.
Diagnosis
After a physical exam and pelvic exam, an endometrial biopsy may be performed to take a sample of tissue from the uterus. A pathologist will examine the endometrial tissue cells under a microscope to determine if cancerous cells are present. If more tissue samples need to be collected, a dilation and curettage (D and C) procedure may be performed. A transvaginal ultrasound (high-frequency sound waves) may also be used by your physician to view the uterus lining.
Staging
If cancer is diagnosed and before treatment begins, additional tests are performed to determine the stage of the cancer and to see if it has spread to other parts of the body.
Treatments
MemorialCare’s experienced team of oncologists, radiation oncologists, radiologists, pathologists and surgeons conduct roundtable discussions (tumor boards) of newly diagnosed patients to make recommendations for the best course of treatment.
